dua lipa smoking cigarettes Poster Dua Lipa in Palermo, Sicily

Graphic Courtesy of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Most ENDS consist of four components: a cartridge or reservoir (which holds a liquid solution), a heating element, a power source (usually a lithium battery), and a mouthpiece

However, research does show that using nicotine during pregnancy can lead to increased risk of miscarriage and low birthweight, suggesting that e-cigarettes pose a risk as well because they contain nicotine

and a US study with a 60% continuation rate 7

Eat Before Using Nicotine: Smoking or vaping on an empty stomach can exacerbate nausea and stomach upset

Update on task force terminology and outreach activities: advancing guideline usability for the Canadian primary care context