l-carnitine tmao nature medicine 2013 koeth Innovative carnitine-fed rats model reveals resveratrol butyrate Ester's multimechanistic role in reducing and cardiovascular risk Effects of choline metabolite—trimethylamine N-oxide

Effects of choline metabolitetrimethylamine N oxide on immunometabolism in inflammatory bowel disease Frontiers Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC Trimethylamine N Oxide From Gut Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Focus on Diet Journal of Renal Nutrition Frontiers Gut Microbiota Dependent Marker TMAO in Promoting Cardiovascular Disease: Inflammation Mechanism, Clinical Prognostic, and Potential as a Therapeutic Target Meat metabolizing bacteria in atherosclerosis Nature Medicine

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