thuốc giảm cân dhc l-carnitine Viên uống Topawa 20 ngày Viên uống DHC giảm mỡ

increased lipid metabolism, VO2max, oxygen consumption, and L-carnitine plasma concentrations

Renal protective effect of ginkgo biloba and L-carnitine extracts against pentylenetetrazol induced toxicity, oxidative stress, injury and proliferation alternation in epileptic rats Annu Res Rev Biol

T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus DPN Diabetic peripheral neuropathy DKD Diabetic kidney disease DFUs Diabetic foot ulcers SGLT2 Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 GLP-1 Glucagon-like peptide-1 NDT Neurodynamic techniques NM Neural mobilization DTI Diffusion tensor imaging ADC Apparent diffusion coefficient FA Fractional anisotropy NAFLD Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease CKD Chronic kidney disease MNT Medical nutrition therapy GRS Genetic risk score GWAS Genome-wide association studies IF Intermittent fasting TPN Twin precision nutrition CGM Continuous glucose monitoring HbA1c lycosylated hemoglobin TCA Tricarboxylic acid BCAAs Branched-chain amino acids AGEs Advanced glycation end-products Nnmt Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase ERK Extracellular signal-regulated kinase HNFs Hepatocyte nuclear factors HKDC1 Hexokinase domain-containing protein-1 UK-EDM United Kingdom Early Diabetes Mellitus UKPDS United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study IDF International Diabetes Federation ADA American Diabetes Association EASD European Association for the Study of Diabetes JDRF Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation NICE National Institute for Health and Care Excellence WHO World Health Organization FDA Food and Drug Administration CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention NIH National Institutes of Health AHA American Heart Association Glossary References 1

Women with current or past carnitine related treatments (i.e., l-carnitine) were excluded

L.GernerC.RossmanithW