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AOD9604 and Energy Balance Research In obese ob/ob and lean C57BL/6J mice treated for 14 days via mini-osmotic pumps, AOD9604 significantly reduced body weight gain in obese mice, associated with increased in vivo fat oxidation and increased plasma glycerol levels as an index of enhanced lipolysis without the hyperglycaemia or reduced insulin secretion associated with intact hGH treatment
It plays a key role in digestion as it binds to proteins in the digestive process
Vermeulen EG, Stehouwer CD, Twisk JW, van den BM, De Jong SC, Mackaay AJ, van Campen CM, Visser FC, Jakobs CA, Bulterjis EJ, and Rauwerda JA (2000)
This may be due to copper's ability to enhance the expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs).16 MMPs normally regulate the degradation of collagen, and a specific one, MMP-1, may be responsible for the initiation of collagen fragmentation.17 Supporting this, a 2024 study noted that elevated MMP-1 levels appear to contribute to aging skin and that higher MMP-1 levels in mice led to:18 The loss and fragmentation of dermal collagen fibrils Contracted fibroblast morphology Reduced collagen production Increased expression of pro-inflammatory mediators Additionally, a 2016 study found that GHK-Cu significantly increased gene expression of MMP-1 and MMP-2 at the lowest concentration, which the studys authors considered to be one of the reasons the peptide was able to increase collagen and elastin production.19 So, what this could ultimately mean is that using too much GHK-Cu (or other copper peptides) may in theory increase the skins MMP-1 concentration above the levels involved in healthy collagen production, taking it into the collagen fragmentation and breakdown territory seen in older skin with naturally higher MMP-1 levels
