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Lee TH, Yau S (2020) From obesity to hippocampal neurodegeneration: pathogenesis and non-pharmacological interventions

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 42:811816 Lv SX, Qiao X (2018) Isovitexin (IV) induces apoptosis and autophagy in liver cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress

Novel molecular targets including intestinal (Farnesoid X receptor) FXR, (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor), PPAR alpha agonists, anti-apoptosis agents, and thyroid hormone receptors are being assessed in clinical trials (Attia et al., 2021[7])

Caffeine is also found in certain energy drinks, soft drinks, chewing gum, and medicines (Walter, 2022)

But its placement alongside IV drip services, a category the NHS neither provides nor endorses, raises an uncomfortable question: why on earth is public money funding paid search placements on irrelevant, commercially-targeted keywords