antioxidant genes glutathione The The Biological Functions of Glutathione

In the environment, thiols are commonly found in crude oil and natural gas, where they contribute to the sour smell of petroleum products

Chaves Filho AJM, Cunha NL, Rodrigues P, de A, de Souza AG, Soares MVR, et al

GSSG generated in these processes can be either recycled to GSH by a NADPH-dependent reaction, catalyzed by GR 3 , or pumped out of the cell by ATP-dependent processes, with multidrug resistance-associated protein-1 (MRP-1) being the major pathway for GSSG efflux 33

In addition to these conventional sites of mitochondrial ROS generation, it has been recently reported that the branched-chain 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) complex in mitochondria can produce superoxide and H 2 O 2 at higher rates than complex I from mitochondria (Quinlan et al., 2014)

Comprehensive profiling and quantification of ginsenosides in the root, stem, leaf, and berry of panax ginseng by UPLC-QTOF/MS