Li H, Toh PZ, Tan JY, Zin MT, Lee CY, Li B, Leolukman M, Bao H, Kang L
Abbreviations ASX: Astaxanthin ADI: Acceptable daily intake ALP: Alkaline phosphatase AST: Aspartate aminotransferase CNS: Central nervous system CIAKI: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury COX-2: Cyclooxygenase DM: Diabetes mellitus DPPH: 2:2-Diphenly-1-picrylhydrazyl EPA: Eicosapentaenoic acid EFSA: European food safety authority FPE: Food processing effluent GGPS: Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase Ig: Immunoglobulin iNOS: Inducible nitrogen oxygen species IL: Interleukin IPP: Isopentyl pyrophosphate MMPs: Matrix metalloproteinases MVA: Mevalonate pathway MAE: Microwave-assisted extraction NDES: Natural deep eutectic solvents MEP: Non-mevalonate pathway NLRP3: Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 PCL: Polycaprolactone PDS: Phytoene desaturase PGE2: Prostaglandin E2 PLE: Pressurized liquid extraction ROS: Reactive oxygen species SFE: Supercritical fluid extraction SNEDDS: Self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems TAGs: Triacylglycerols TNF-: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha UAE: Ultrasound-assisted extraction UPE: Ultrahigh pressure extraction UV: Ultra-violet VHb: Vitreoscilla hemoglobin ZDS: -Carotene desaturase References Abdelazim K, Ghit A, Assal D, Dorra N, Noby N, Khattab SN, Hussein A (2023) Production and therapeutic use of astaxanthin in the nanotechnology era
There have been isolated reports of more severe side effects including allergic reactions
Contents (per capsule): Vitamin B12: 2500 g (100,000% NRV*) L-Leucine: 28 mg (*%NRV = Nutrient Reference Values according to EU Regulation No
Endocr Rev 39(5):760802 Zhang H et al (2021) PPARalpha agonist relieves spinal cord injury in rats by activating Nrf2/HO-1 via the Raf-1/MEK/ERK pathway
